Need a beginners tutorial on Github? Check out the Github Blogs.

Category: Reflections

This is the category to apply to your Weekly Reflection posts from the course.

Streamlining Research with Zotero

This week, we had an insightful session with Jessica Mussell, who introduced us to Zotero—a powerful tool for curation and citation management. As research becomes increasingly digital, tools like Zotero are essential for organizing and streamlining our academic work.​

What is Zotero?

Zotero is a free, open-source reference management tool that helps users collect, organize, cite, and share research materials. It supports various formats, including articles, books, and web pages, making it versatile for diverse research needs.​

Setting Up Zotero

Download and Install: Visit the Zotero download page, follow the installation guide and download the application compatible with your operating system (Windows, Mac, or Linux).​ For a quick tutorial, follow the instructions below:

1. Zotero works with all major browsers. Here is a demonstration of installing Zotero Standalone for Chrome on a PC. (For directions on how to install Zotero for other browsers, check out these directions.) There are two download parts: installing the Zotero library (steps 2-6) and installing the Zotero browser extension (steps 7-8).

2. To download Zotero, click the “download” button. 

Download link


3. On the following page, first download the Zotero library assistant. Select the blue download button.

Download Zotero library and connector screenshot


4. In Chrome, an .exe file will appear in the lower left corner of your browser. Double click the file name to open it. Depending on your browser the location of downloaded files may be slightly different.

Download exe file


5. Next, the Zotero Setup Wizard will open. Walk through the four steps of the Wizard. Choose “standard” installation, then “install.” On the last screen of the Wizard, click “finish.”

6. Your Zotero library will open.

7. Next, download the browser extension, also at the Zotero download website.  Make sure to install the version that matches your browser, for example, Chrome.  The browser extension allows you to automatically download citation information from journal websites or search tools like Google Scholar.

Download Zotero browser connector screenshot

8. When prompted to add the “Zotero Connector,” click add extension.

9. Check the upper right corner of your browser window to see the newly added Zotero browser extension. (Note – if you are using Safari, the connector will display to the left of the URL.

Zotero browser extension added to Chrome screenshot

10. Lastly, you have to create an Account. Sign up for a free Zotero account to sync your library across devices and collaborate with others.​ You will receive a confirmation email once your account is set up, click the link to confirm your account setup.

11. You’re ready to add some citations!

Some features of using Zotero

  • Collecting References: With the browser connector installed, you can save articles, books, and web pages to your Zotero library with a single click.​
  • Organizing Your Library: Use collections and tags to categorize your references, making it easier to locate materials for specific projects.​
  • Creating a Group Library: You can set up a shared library accessible to multiple users. This feature is ideal for research teams needing a centralized repository for references. (for a quick tutorial, click here)
  • Citing Sources: Zotero integrates with word processors like Microsoft Word and Google Docs, allowing you to insert citations and generate bibliographies effortlessly.​
  • Retracted Article Alerts: Zotero notifies users if a cited paper has been retracted, helping maintain the integrity of your research. ​
  • Metadata Extraction from PDFs: Zotero can extract metadata such as title, author, and publication details from PDFs, automatically creating corresponding library entries.
  • Integration with Wikipedia: Zotero can import and export citations using Wikipedia’s citation templates, facilitating the management of references for Wikipedia contributors. ​

Reflection

Zotero simplifies the research process by providing a centralized platform to manage sources and citations. Its user-friendly interface and seamless integration with browsers and word processors make it an invaluable tool for students and researchers alike.​

In my recent research on the BC post-secondary digital literacy competencies and their alignment with current digital literacy levels, Zotero has been a game-changer. While exploring relevant studies on Google Scholar, I discovered that with the Zotero Connector installed, a folder icon appears in the browser’s URL bar when viewing search results. Clicking this icon allows me to select multiple articles from the list and save them directly to my Zotero library. This feature has saved me a ton of time as it’s a pain in the ass to manually keeping track of sources. For anyone embarking on extensive research projects, I highly recommend using Zotero to streamline the citation process.​

I encourage everyone to explore Zotero and consider how it can enhance your research workflow.

Enhancing Annotations with Hypothesis.is

In our recent sessions, we had the pleasure of engaging with Dr. Remi Kalir from Duke University, who introduced us to the concept of social curation using Hypothesis.is. This tool has opened new avenues for collaborative learning and critical engagement with texts.

What is Hypothesis.is?

Hypothesis.is is a free, open-source annotation tool that enables users to annotate web pages and PDFs. It facilitates collaborative discussions, allowing users to highlight text, add comments, and share insights directly on digital documents. This functionality transforms passive reading into an interactive experience, fostering deeper understanding and engagement.​

Getting Started with Hypothesis.is

  1. Create an Account: Visit the Hypothesis website and sign up for a free account.​
  2. Install the Browser Extension:
    • For Chrome Users: Install the Hypothesis extension from the Chrome Web Store.​
    • For Other Browsers: Use the Hypothesis bookmarklet available on their Get Started page.​

Practical Application

After setting up Hypothesis.is, practice by adding annotations to this week’s readings or by responding to your peers’ annotations. This interactive process not only enhances your understanding but also builds a collaborative learning environment.​

Reflection

Integrating Hypothesis.is into our study routine encourages active reading and critical thinking. By sharing annotations and insights, we create a dynamic learning community where diverse perspectives enrich our collective knowledge.

Reflecting on Digital Literacy in Education

The BC Digital Literacy Framework offers comprehensive guidelines for educators aiming to integrate digital tools into their classrooms. It emphasizes competencies such as technology-mediated communication, collaboration, and understanding technology operations. This framework serves as a foundational tool for educators to navigate the digital landscape effectively.​

Enhancing Digital Literacy in the Classroom

An insightful article titled “5 Practical Ways Teachers Can Encourage Digital Literacy in the Classroom” discusses strategies for promoting digital literacy among students. The article highlights the importance of integrating digital tools to create more accessible learning environments, a shift that became particularly significant during the COVID-19 pandemic.​

Personal Reflection

My exploration of these resources has expanded my comprehension of how essential digital literacy is to contemporary educational practices. The BC Digital Literacy Framework’s structured method through its eight competencies offers educators a definitive route to advance their digital abilities. This framework supports critical interaction with digital tools to foster perpetual education and reflective thought processes.

My pandemic experiences align with the demand for accessible learning spaces because online resource utilization became crucial. The shift to digital education platforms reduced costs while simultaneously emphasizing the necessity for educators to develop effective online teaching skills. ​

Conclusion

The integration of digital literacy into educational practices is no longer optional but a necessity. Frameworks like the BC Digital Literacy Framework and practical strategies for classroom implementation are invaluable resources for educators. They not only enhance teaching practices but also prepare students to navigate an increasingly digital world confidently.

Role of AI in Open Learning

Open education breaks down barriers to knowledge, making learning more accessible to everyone. After listening to Dr. David Wiley’s talk, I was particularly intrigued by how AI fits into this vision, especially in the context of Lev Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).

ZPD describes the space between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with the guidance of a “more knowledgeable other.” Traditionally, this role has been filled by teachers, mentors, or peers. However, Dr. Wiley raised an interesting point—what if AI could be that knowledgeable guide?

AI as a Learning Companion

AI has the potential to enhance learning by providing immediate, personalized assistance. For instance:

  • Language Learning: If I visit a foreign country, AI translation tools allow me to communicate instantly—something that would otherwise take weeks of study.
  • Creativity Boost: Many people believe they can’t write poetry or song lyrics, but with AI-generated prompts and feedback, they can start experimenting and improving.

These examples highlight how AI can accelerate learning by bridging gaps in knowledge and making new skills more approachable.

Ethical Considerations in AI-Powered Education

Despite its benefits, AI in education lacks clear ethical guidelines. We haven’t yet defined how AI should be used in classrooms or workplaces, nor how to ensure it supports rather than replaces human critical thinking. There needs to be a standardized approach to ethical AI use—one that promotes learning while maintaining fairness, transparency, and accountability.

Conclusion

AI has the power to catapult learning by making knowledge more accessible to people of all ages. If used responsibly, it can serve as a supportive guide, helping learners grasp new concepts and develop skills they might have thought were beyond their reach. However, we must establish clear ethical frameworks to ensure AI enhances, rather than disrupts, the educational landscape.

AI impacts on the Environment

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool in addressing complex global challenges, including environmental conservation. However, recent insights from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) highlight a pressing concern: AI’s own environmental footprint. As AI technologies proliferate, they bring with them significant energy consumption, electronic waste, and resource depletion, prompting a critical evaluation of their sustainability.

The Environmental Cost of AI

AI’s infrastructure, particularly data centers housing vast servers, demands substantial energy. These centers contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and consume large quantities of water for cooling purposes. Additionally, the production of AI hardware relies on critical minerals, often sourced through environmentally detrimental mining practices. UNEP’s Chief Digital Officer, Golestan (Sally) Radwan, emphasizes the urgency of understanding AI’s environmental impact to ensure its net effect is beneficial.
UNEP.ORG

During high school, I developed simulations to predict the number of trees required to offset carbon emissions. This experience underscored the importance of proactive environmental strategies. As a computer science student, I’m acutely aware that AI operations consume significantly more power than traditional computing tasks. For instance, AI-based virtual assistants like ChatGPT can consume up to 10 times the electricity of a standard Google search. The increasing reliance on AI over traditional search engines suggests a potential tenfold surge in electronic and power waste, exacerbating environmental degradation. This trend highlights the urgency for standardized measures to assess and mitigate AI’s environmental impact.

Addressing AI’s environmental challenges requires a multifaceted approach:

  • Standardized Impact Assessment: Developing universal metrics to evaluate AI’s environmental footprint is essential. Such standards would guide policymakers and industry leaders in implementing eco-friendly practices.
  • Energy-Efficient Technologies: Investing in research to create energy-efficient AI models and hardware can significantly reduce consumption. Innovations in chip design and data center cooling systems are pivotal in this endeavor.
  • Ethical Frameworks: Incorporating environmental considerations into AI ethics ensures that sustainability becomes a core component of AI development and deployment.

Conclusion

While AI offers transformative potential, it’s imperative to balance innovation with environmental stewardship. By implementing standardized assessment procedures and embedding ethical considerations into AI development, we can harness AI’s benefits while safeguarding our planet for future generations.

The Power of Digital Identity

What is Digital Identity?

Digital identity shapes how we present ourselves online—through social media, professional platforms, and digital transactions. From Facebook and LinkedIn to banking apps and e-commerce accounts, every interaction contributes to our digital footprint. While this can open doors to opportunities, it also carries risks, such as misinformation and reputational harm.

Misinformation—whether intentional or accidental—spreads false narratives, influencing public perception and eroding trust. With the rise of AI-generated content, deepfakes, and misleading news, distinguishing fact from fiction has become increasingly difficult.

The Global Importance of Digital Identity

Beyond personal impact, digital identity plays a crucial role in political and social inclusion. It can protect rights, promote transparency, and foster economic growth. A forthcoming McKinsey Global Institute report highlights that countries implementing strong digital identity systems could see economic gains equivalent to 3-6% of GDP by 2030. However, achieving this potential requires clear standards that prioritize security, privacy, and fundamental rights.

My Experience with Digital Identity

In a class exercise, I was asked to search for my name online. Surprisingly, I found an old SoundCloud project from Grade 9 about ionic and covalent bonds. While harmless, it made me wonder what else from my past was still accessible—and how it might shape others’ perceptions of me today. This experience reinforced the importance of managing my digital footprint.

Similarly, misinformation adds another layer of concern. A single misleading article or manipulated video can distort reality, affecting reputations, career opportunities, and public trust. This is why critical thinking and responsible engagement are essential in the digital age.

Why Standards Matter

To fully harness the benefits of digital identity while minimizing risks, we need a shared definition and global standards that ensure security, privacy, and respect for fundamental rights. Without this, digital identity could become a tool for exclusion, surveillance, or manipulation rather than empowerment.

Final Thoughts

Digital identity is a powerful tool—but only if managed responsibly. By being mindful of what we share, verifying the accuracy of information, and supporting ethical digital identity frameworks, we can build an online presence that reflects our values while contributing to a safer, more inclusive digital world.

© 2025 Digital Literacy

Theme by Anders NorenUp ↑